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12/23/16
COBALAMIN (B12)
Filed under: General
Posted by: @ 3:57 am

Dr.Abhay Kumar Pati, Author, Best Nutrition Inc USA
www.bestnutrition.com, www.nutritionbest.com, www.ayurvedicsupplements.com, www.biotechayur.com

DESCRIPTION

Cobalamin was the last true vitamin to be classified. Vitamin B12 is found in most animal products and some bacteria.  Vegetarians and especially vegans can easily become deficient in cobalamin because it is not found in fruits, vegetables, or any other plant sources.  Vitamin B12 requires intrinsic factor, secreted by the stomach lining, to be absorbed in the intestines.

Cobalamin helps maintain a healthy nervous system. It maintains the protective “myelin sheath” around the nerves and is used to metabolize fatty acids. Vitamin B12 promotes growth in children and is needed for the production of red blood cells.

DEFICIENCY SYMPTOMS

Inadequate intake or absorption of vitamin B12 can lead to pernicious anemia, which is a deficiency in the red blood cells not related to iron deficiency. If too much folic acid is taken, the symptoms of pernicious anemia may be hidden until irreversible neurological damage has been done and symptoms such as tremors appear. Other symptoms associated with vitamin B12 deficiency include menstrual problems and listlessness.

THERAPEUTIC USES

THOSE WHO MAY NEED TO SUPPLEMENT

RECOMMENDED DIETARY ALLOWANCE

Age Pyridoxine/Vitamin B6 (mg/day)
0-6 months 0.3
6-12 months 0.5
1-3 years 0.7
4-6 years 1.0
7-10 years 1.4
11-14 years (males) 1.7
15-18 years (males) 2.0
19-24 years (males) 2.0
25-50 years (males) 2.0
51+ years (males) 2.0
11-14 years (female) 2.0
15-18 years (females) 2.0
19-24 years (females) 2.0
25-50 years (females) 2.0
51+ years (females) 2.0
Pregnancy 2.2
Lactation, 0-6 months 2.6
Lactation, 6-12 months 2.6

BEST FOOD SOURCES

lamb’s liver 54.0
pig’s liver 23.0
fish, white 2.0
beef, lamb, pork 2.0
fortified breakfast cereal 1.7
eggs 1.7
yeast extract 0.5
milk 0.4

 

SAFETY
Cobalamin is a very safe vitamin, with injections of as much as 3 mg daily carried out with no side effects.

INTERACTIONS & CONTRAINDICATIONS
Cobalamin is one of the B-complex vitamins and therefore works best synergistically with other B vitamins. However, single supplementation of cobalamin is safe for specific nutritional therapeutic needs. Calcium along with intrinsic factor is required to absorb cobalamin from the intestines.

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12/13/16
PYRIDOXINE (B6)
Filed under: General
Posted by: @ 3:36 am

Dr.Abhay Kumar Pati, Author, Best Nutrition Inc USA
www.bestnutrition.com, www.nutritionbest.com, www.ayurvedicsupplements.com, www.biotechayur.com

DESCRIPTION
Pyridoxine was once known as the “woman’s vitamin” because of its beneficial effects in symptoms related to menses. Pyridoxine is a B-complex water-soluble vitamin requiring regular daily intake. Pyridoxine is essential to produce adrenaline (epinephrine) and insulin. Vitamin B6 is reasonably resistant to heat but can be lost from food sources left soaking in water over time. High protein diets increase the need for pyridoxine. Alcoholics typically have low levels of pyridoxine.

Pyridoxine is essential for energy production, necessary for proper functioning of the nervous system, and involved in protein metabolism.
DEFICIENCY SYMPTOMS
Inadequate intake of pyridoxine may cause symptoms of premenstrual syndrome (PMS), lowered white blood cell count, swelling of the abdomen and extremities, and seborrhea (oily skin with crusts and scales) around the eyes, nose and mouth.

THERAPEUTIC USES

THOSE WHO MAY NEED TO SUPPLEMENT

RECOMMENDED DIETARY ALLOWANCE

Age Pyridoxine/Vitamin B6 (mg/day)
0-6 months 0.3
6-12 months 0.6
1-3 years 1.0
4-6 years 1.1
7-10 years 1.4
11-14 years (males) 1.7
15-18 years (males) 2.0
19-24 years (males) 2.0
25-50 years (males) 2.0
51+ years (males) 2.0
11-14 years (female) 1.4
15-18 years (females) 1.5
19-24 years (females) 1.6
25-50 years (females) 1.6
51+ years (females) 1.6
Pregnancy 2.2
Lactation, 0-6 months 2.0
Lactation, 6-12 months 2.0

 

BEST FOOD SOURCES

Food Vitamin B6 (mg/100g)
wheat germ 0.95
bananas 0.51
turkey 0.44
chicken 0.29
fish, white 0.29
beef 0.27
brussels sprouts 0.28
potatoes 0.25
bread, whole-meal 0.12
baked beans 0.12
peas, frozen 0.10
bread, white 0.07
oranges 0.06
milk 0.06

SAFETY
Pyridoxine is generally safe to take with no reported cases of toxicity. However, daily doses in excess of 100 mg should be taken under strict medical supervision.

INTERACTIONS & CONTRAINDICATIONS
Pyridoxine is one of the B-complex vitamins and so ideally should be taken as part of the complex, although single supplementation is acceptable as part of a nutritional therapeutic program.

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12/07/16
PANTOTHENIC ACID (B5)
Filed under: General
Posted by: @ 10:58 pm

Dr.Abhay Kumar Pati, Author, Best Nutrition Inc USA
www.bestnutrition.com, www.nutritionbest.com, www.ayurvedicsupplements.com, www.biotechayur.com

DESCRIPTION
Pantothenic acid, vitamin B5, is known as B3 in parts of Europe. Its name comes from the Greek panthos, which means “everywhere.” It was first isolated from rice husks in 1939. Pantothenic acid is widely found everywhere - in our body tissues and in plants. Pantothenic acid is a B-complex water-soluble vitamin, so a regular daily intake is required.
Pantothenic acid is very important to the process of releasing energy from foods. This is because it is part of coenzyme A, which plays a major role in energy release. Pantothenic acid is used to make and renew body tissues. It is necessary for the production of antibodies and therefore proper immune function.
DEFICIENCY SYMPTOMS
These include fatigue, depression, insomnia, loss of appetite, indigestion, and cramps.

THERAPEUTIC USES

THOSE WHO MAY NEED TO SUPPLEMENT

REQUIRED NUTRITIONAL INTAKE
There are no specific recommendations regarding the intake of pantothenic acid. An average of 3-7 mg daily is thought to be sufficient for most adults.

BEST FOOD SOURCES

 Food  Pantothenic Acid (mg/100g)
 brewer’s yeast  9.5
 pig’s liver  6.5
 yeast extract  3.8
 nuts  2.7
 wheat bran  2.4
 wheat germ  2.2
 eggs  1.8
poultry  1.2

 
SAFETY
To date, no toxic effects have been recorded with the use of pantothenic acid. It is linked with riboflavin in its function in the production of energy.
 
INTERACTIONS & CONTRAINDICATIONS
Pantothenic acid is one of the B-complex vitamins and so ideally should be taken as part of the complex, although single supplementation is acceptable as part of a nutritional therapeutic program.

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12/06/16
NIACIN (B3)
Filed under: General
Posted by: @ 4:30 am

Dr.Abhay Kumar Pati, Author, Best Nutrition Inc USA
www.bestnutrition.com, www.nutritionbest.com, www.ayurvedicsupplements.com, www.biotechayur.com

DESCRIPTION

Niacin comes in two forms, an acid (nicotinic acid) and an amide (nicotinamide), neither of which has anything in common with nicotine. Niacin was also referred to as “PP” because it prevented pellagra, a niacin-deficiency disease whose symptoms include diarrhea, dermatitis and dementia. In common with other B vitamins, niacin is water-soluble. In addition to preformed niacin occurring in foods, niacin may also be made in the body from the amino acid tryptophan. Sixty molecules of tryptophan are required to make one molecule of niacin.

The acid form, nicotinic acid, plays an important role in the nervous system and circulation. The amide form, nicotinamide, processes carbohydrates, fats and proteins in the production of energy.
DEFICIENCY SYMPTOMS

These include diarrhea, dermatitis and dementia as seen in pellagra, as well as nervousness.
THERAPEUTIC USES

THOSE WHO MAY NEED TO SUPPLEMENT

RECOMMENDED DIETARY ALLOWANCE

Age Niacin/Vitamin B3 (mg/day)
0-6 months 5
6-12 months 6
1-3 years 9
4-6 years 12
7-10 years 13
11-14 years (males) 17
15-18 years (males) 20
19-24 years (males) 19
25-50 years (males) 19
51+ years (males) 15
11-14 years (female) 15
15-18 years (females) 15
19-24 years (females) 15
25-50 years (females) 15
51+ years (females) 13
Pregnancy 17
Lactation, 0-6 months 20
Lactation, 6-12 months 20

 

BEST FOOD SOURCES

Food (mg/100g) Niacin Tryptophan Niacin equivalent*
coffee, instant 24.8 186 27.9
chicken 5.9 221 9.6
beef 4.2 258 8.5
pork chop 4.2 180 7.2
cheese, cheddar 0.1 367 6.2
fish, white 2.9 189 6.0
mung beans, dry 2.0 210 5.5
eggs 0.1 217 3.7
peas, frozen 1.6 58 2.6
bread, whole-meal 4.1** 108 1.8
potatoes 0.6 52 1.5

* The niacin equivalent is the niacin plus the tryptophan contribution in each food source.
** The niacin in whole-meal bread is unavailable to the body; the niacin equivalent figure comes from the tryptophan contribution.

SAFETY
Nicotinic acid can cause facial flushing if taken in large doses. The Health Food Manufacturers’ Association therefore recommends the maximum dosage should be 100 mg in an immediate release form and that timed-release nicotinic acid should not be available.  Nicotinamide is considered safe up to 2,000 mg/day.
INTERACTIONS & CONTRAINDICATIONS
Niacin works with the other B-complex vitamins, but may be taken separately as part of a nutritional therapeutic program. If taken individually, it should be combined with thiamin and pyridoxine to ensure nervous stability and the conversion of L-tryptophan to nicotinic acid. People suffering from diabetes, gout, stomach ulcers and liver problems should not take nicotinic acid.

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12/02/16
RIBOFLAVIN (B2)
Filed under: General
Posted by: @ 4:34 am

Dr.Abhay Kumar Pati, Author, Best Nutrition Inc USA
www.bestnutrition.com, www.nutritionbest.com, www.ayurvedicsupplements.com, www.biotechayur.com

DESCRIPTION
Riboflavin is yellow in color and thus has been used as a food-coloring agent. As with all B-complex vitamins, it is water-soluble and requires a regular daily intake. Since it is sensitive to light it must be shielded from light exposure. For instance, milk in glass or clear plastic bottles loses most of its vitamin B2 content if exposed to too much light.

Riboflavin forms two essential coenzymes, flavin dinucleotide and flavin mononucleotide, which together are responsible for converting proteins, fats and sugars into substances that the body can use. Riboflavin is important for healthy skin and hair.

DEFICIENCY SYMPTOMS
Inadequate daily intake of riboflavin may contribute to sores, dermatitis, hair loss, and burning, itching, light-sensitive eyes.

THERAPEUTIC USES

THOSE WHO MAY NEED TO SUPPLEMENT

RECOMMENDED DIETARY ALLOWANCE

Age Riboflavin/Vitamin B2 (mg/day)
0-6 months 0.4
6-12 months 0.5
1-3 years 0.8
4-6 years 1.1
7-10 years 1.2
11-14 years (males) 1.5
15-18 years (males) 1.8
19-24 years (males) 1.7
25-50 years (males) 1.7
51+ years (males) 1.4
11-14 years (female) 1.3
15-18 years (females) 1.3
19-24 years (females) 1.3
25-50 years (females) 1.3
51+ years (females) 1.2
Pregnancy 1.6
Lactation, 0-6 months 1.8
Lactation, 6-12 months 1.7

 

BEST FOOD SOURCES

Food Riboflavin (mg/100g)
yeast extract 11.0
lamb’s liver 4.64
pig’s kidney 2.58
fortified breakfast cereal 1.6
wheat germ 0.61
cheese, cheddar 0.5
eggs 0.47
beef 0.23
milk 0.17
chicken 0.13

 

SAFETY
Riboflavin is a safe vitamin. No cases of riboflavin poisoning have been recorded.  Riboflavin may cause a harmless increased yellow coloration of the urine.

INTERACTIONS & CONTRAINDICATIONS
Riboflavin is one of the B-complex vitamins and so ideally should be taken as part of the complex, although single supplementation is acceptable as part of a nutritional therapeutic program. In this case, it should be taken with brewer’s yeast.

 

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